This year, the GEC-Beijing team focused on applying synthetic biology to revolutionize the fashion industry, specifically in the denim processing sector. Our project, "Biological Cowboys: Enzyme Innovation for Sustainable Denim Treatment," aims to replace traditional stone-washing methods with enzyme-based alternatives. We are utilizing cellulases and laccases produced by genetically engineered E. coli to achieve the desired worn and bleached effects on denim, reducing environmental impact and manufacturing costs.

This enzyme breaks down cotton fibers, mimicking the mechanical abrasion traditionally achieved with pumice stones. By controlling the activity and reaction conditions of cellulase, we can precisely adjust the degree of fabric wear to achieve various design effects on denim.

This enzyme oxidizes indigo dye in denim, lightening the blue color without the need for harsh chemical bleaches. This allows us to produce fashionable, faded denim while avoiding the environmental and health risks posed by traditional bleaching agents.

In addition to cellulase and laccase, we are also exploring the use of lipases for stain removal from denim. Lipases can effectively break down and remove oil stains, further enhancing the treatment process and improving the overall cleanliness and aesthetic of the fabric.

Our project demonstrates the potential of synthetic biology in transforming traditional industries, such as fashion, with sustainable and innovative solutions. By employing enzyme-based denim processing, we not only reduce the physical and environmental damage caused by traditional methods but also showcase the scalability and precision of biological approaches. Future iGEM teams can build on our work by further optimizing enzyme activity, exploring additional enzymes for textile processing, or applying similar methodologies to other fields in the fashion and textile industries.

Through the development of these enzyme systems, we aim to provide a green alternative to conventional practices and inspire future teams to leverage synthetic biology for environmental sustainability.