Construction of efficient microbial flora and remediation of soil heavy metal pollution
Heavy metal pollution of the world's soils is a complex environmental problem that is prevalent globally and is particularly serious in densely populated areas with a high degree of industrialization.
Agricultural production pollution is mainly caused by the excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in agricultural production activities,
which destroys the soil's self-repairing ability, thus leading to a decrease in the soil's ability to decompose heavy metals],
while the large-scale use of petroleum and coal, etc., in the industrial production process generates a large amount of pollutants,
resulting in heavy metal pollution of the soil.
Current remediation methods are mainly divided into the following three categories: chemical, physical and biological remediation methods.
Microbial remediation technology is a biotransformation mechanism that utilizes microorganisms such as bacteria, yeast, fungi, microalgae and actinomycetes as soil heavy metal remediation agents to transform highly toxic heavy metals in soil into less toxic forms.
Compared with conventional physical and chemical remediation technologies, bioremediation has the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, no change in soil structure and no secondary pollution.
Currently, most of the studies only focus on the remediation of soil heavy metal contamination by single bacterial agents, however, the heavy metal remediation effect of bacterial strains is poor and not well adapted.
In this project, we intend to screen efficient heavy metal removal bacteria reported in the literature, such as Bacillus subtilis, Enterobacter cloacae, and Bacillus cereus, to construct an efficient microflora for heavy metal removal.
Specific contents include:
(1) to investigate the microbial removal of effective state Cd2+ in heavy metal soil and the effect on soil heavy metal morphology;
(2) to investigate the optimal ratio of composite bacterial agent for removing soil effective state Cd2+ and the removal efficacy of soil effective state Cd2+; and
(3) to reveal the mechanism of the action of the composite bacterial agent for removing soil effective state Cd2+.
The research results are of great significance to the remediation of soil heavy metal pollution and provide technical guarantee to support the construction of ecological civilization.
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